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| Sr. No. | Content | Total Hrs |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Differential, multi-stage and operational amplifiers:Differential amplifier power amplifier,direct coupled multi-stage amplifier; internal structure of an operational amplifier, ideal op-amp, non-idealities in an op-amp (Output offset voltage, input bias current, input offset current, slew rate, gain bandwidth product) | 10 |
| 2 | Linear applications of op-amp Idealized analysis of op-amp circuits:. Inverting and non-inverting amplifier, differential amplifier, instrumentation amplifier, integrator, active filter, P, PI and PID controllers and lead/lag compensator using an op-amp, voltage regulator, oscillators (Wein bridge and phase shift). Analog to Digital Conversion. | 10 |
| 3 | Nonlinear applications of op-amp Hysteretic Comparator, Zero Crossing Detector, Square-wave and triangular-wave generators. Precision rectifier, peak detector. | 8 |
| 4 | Combinational Digital Circuits: Standard representation for logic functions, K-map representation, simplification of logic functions using K-map, minimization of logical functions. Don’t care conditions, Multiplexer, De-Multiplexer/Decoders, Adders, Subtractors, BCD arithmetic, carry look ahead adder, serial adder, ALU, elementary ALU design, popular MSI chips, digital comparator, parity checker/generator, code converters, priority encoders, decoders/drivers for display devices, Q-M method of function realization | 10 |
| 5 | Sequential circuits and systems: A 1-bit memory, the circuit properties of Bi-stable latch, the clocked SR flip flop, J- K-T and D types flip-flops, applications of flip-flops, shift registers, applications of shift registers, serial to parallel converter, parallel to serial converter, ring counter, sequence generator, ripple(Asynchronous) counters, synchronous counters, counters design using flip flops, special counter IC’s, asynchronous sequential counters, applications of counters. | 10 |
| 6 | A/D and D/A Converters Digital to analog converters: weighted resistor/converter, R-2R Ladder D/A converter, specifications for D/A converters, examples of D/A converter lCs, sample and hold circuit, analog to digital converters: quantization and encoding, parallel comparator A/D converter, successive approximation A/D converter, counting A/D converter, dual slope A/D converter, A/D converter using voltage to frequency and voltage to time conversion, specifications of A/D converters, example of A/D converter ICs | 8 |
Suggested Specification table with Marks (Theory):
| Distribution of Theory Marks |
| R Level | U Level | A Level | N Level | E Level | C Level |
| 40 | 40 | 10 | 10 | 0 | 0 |
Legends: R: Remembrance; U: Understanding;
A: Application, N: Analyze and E: Evaluate C: Create and above Levels (Revised
Bloom’s Taxonomy)
In this fifth edition, coverage of the bipolar
741 op amp has been replaced with a low[1]voltage
bipolar op amp, the NE5234, with rail-to-rail common-mode input range and
almost
rail-to-rail output swing.
Analysis of a fully differential CMOS folded-cascode operational
amplifier (op amp) is now
included in Chapter 12. The 560B phase-locked loop, which is no
longer commercially
available, has been deleted from Chapter 10.
The SPICE computer analysis
program is now readily available to virtually all electrical
engineering students and
professionals, and we have included extensive use of SPICE in this
edition, particularly as an
integral part of many problems. We have used computer analysis as
it is most commonly employed
in the engineering design process—both as a more accurate
check on hand calculations,
and also as a tool to examine complex circuit behavior beyond the
scope of hand analysis.
An in-depth look at SPICE as
an indispensable tool for IC robust design can be found in
The SPICE Book, 2nd ed., published
by J. Wiley and Sons. This text contains many worked
out circuit designs and
verification examples linked to the multitude of analyses available in
the most popular versions of
SPICE. The SPICE Book conveys the role of simulation as an
integral part of the design
process, but not as a replacement for solid circuit-design knowledge.
This book is intended to be
useful both as a text for students and as a reference book for
practicing engineers. For
class use, each chapter includes many worked problems; the problem
sets at the end of each
chapter illustrate the practical applications of the material in the text. All
of the authors have extensive
industrial experience in IC design and in the teaching of courses
on this subject; this
experience is reflected in the choice of text material and in the problem
sets.
Although this book is
concerned largely with the analysis and design of ICs, a considerable
amount of material also is
included on applications. In practice, these two subjects are closely
linked, and a knowledge of
both is essential for designers and users of ICs. The latter compose
the larger group by far, and
we believe that a working knowledge of IC design is a great
advantage to an IC user. This
is particularly apparent when the user must choose from among a
number of competing designs
to satisfy a particular need. An understanding of the IC structure
is then useful in evaluating
the relative desirability of the different designs under extremes of
environment or in the
presence of variations in supply voltage. In addition, the IC user is in a
much better position to interpret a
manufacturer’s data if he or she has a working knowledge
of the internal operation of
the integrated circuit.
The contents of this book stem largely from
courses on analog integrated circuits given at
the University of California
at the Berkeley and Davis campuses. The courses are senior-level
electives and first-year
graduate courses. The book is structured so that it can be used as the
basic text for a sequence of
such courses. The more advanced material is found at the end of
each chapter or in an
appendix so that a first course in analog integrated circuits can omit this
material without loss of
continuity. An outline of each chapter is given below with suggestions
for material to be covered in
such a first course. It is assumed that the course consists of three
hours of lecture per week
over a fifteen-week semester and that the students have a working
knowledge of Laplace
transforms and frequency-domain circuit analysis. It is also assumed
that the students have had an
introductory course in electronics so that they are familiar with
the principles of transistor
operation and with the functioning of simple analog circuits. Unless
otherwise stated, each
chapter requires three to four lecture hours to cover.
Chapter 1 contains a summary of bipolar transistor and MOS transistor device physics.
We suggest spending one week
on selected topics from this chapter, with the choice of topics
depending on the background
of the students. The material of Chapters 1 and 2 is quite important
in IC design because there is
significant interaction between circuit and device design, as will
be seen in later chapters. A
thorough understanding of the influence of device fabrication on
device characteristics is
essential.
Chapter 2 is concerned with the
technology of IC fabrication and is largely descriptive.
One lecture on this material
should suffice if the students are assigned the chapter to read.
Chapter 3 deals with the
characteristics of elementary transistor connections. The material
on one-transistor amplifiers
should be a review for students at the senior and graduate levels and
can be assigned as reading.
The section on two-transistor amplifiers can be covered in about
three hours, with greatest
emphasis on differential pairs. The material on device mismatch
effects in differential
amplifiers can be covered to the extent that time allows.
Chapter 4, the important topics of current
mirrors and active loads are considered. These
configurations are basic
building blocks in modern analog IC design, and this material should
be covered in full, with the
exception of the material on band-gap references and the material
in the appendices.
Chapter 5 is concerned with
output stages and methods of delivering output power to a load.
Integrated-circuit
realizations of Class A, Class B, and Class AB output stages are described,
as well as methods of
output-stage protection. A selection of topics from this chapter should
be covered.
Chapter 6 deals with the
design of operational amplifiers (op amps). Illustrative examples
of dc and ac analysis in both
MOS and bipolar op amps are performed in detail, and the limita[1]tions
of the basic op amps are described. The design of op amps with improved
characteristics
in both MOS and bipolar
technologies are considered. This key chapter on amplifier design
requires at least six hours.
Chapter 7, the frequency response of
amplifiers is considered. The zero-value time[1]constant technique is introduced for the
calculations of the –3-dB frequency of complex circuits.
The material of this chapter
should be considered in full.
Chapter 8 describes the analysis
of feedback circuits. Two different types of analysis are
presented: two-port and
return-ratio analyses. Either approach should be covered in full with
the section on voltage
regulators assigned as reading.
Chapter 9 deals with the
frequency response and stability of feedback circuits and should
be covered up to the section
on root locus. Time may not permit a detailed discussion of root
locus, but some introduction
to this topic can be given
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